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INTERVALS

THEORY

Intervals are reckoned by counting thedistance from a lower

tone to an upper,by degrees of the scale. EXA'PLE

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Counting from C, we find that the third note above C is E.
Therefore E is a third above C,etc. A prime is the unison
(same note) as the root or fundamental.
The prime, fourth, fifth,and octave are known as perfect in-
tervals. The Other intervals are'major unless they are al-
tered chromatically.
By altering a major interval one half step dowhwardsit be=-
comes a minor interval.
By altering a minor or perfect interval one half step down=-
wards, weconvert it into a diminished interval.

By altering any interval onehalf step upwards, we convert

it into an augmented interval. EXAMPLE:



"

The four perfect intervals (primes,fourths,fifths,and octaves)
are never major or minor. They can only bg augmented or dim-

inished.

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Mn. 3 Pm. 3